There are many ring-shape faults in Phyongnam anthracite fields. These faults are called “window” or “klippe” and they are considered to be formed by the denuded allochthon from other places. However, there are some autochthonous “klippe” formed in the original place, not displaced from other places. These faults appear as conformity between Formations or as apparent normal fault on the surface. These faults are reverse faults where footwall blocks are pushed down beneath the fault surface and the dip angles of faults are similar to those of layers or smaller than them.
Hwang Myong Il, a researcher at the Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, has investigated the developmental characteristics of synformal klippe in Phyongnam anthracite fields and their correlation with structurally branched coal seam.
He has carried out a mechanical simulation by the inverse method on the basis of the geometry and developmental characteristics of synformal klippe and structurally branched coal seam found in the course of anthracite mining to analyze their genesis and kinematic characteristics of blocks of fault.
Because these synformal klippes and structurally branched coal seam are closely related to various geological structures in anthracite fields, geological processes in the study region might be analyzed from the geometry and developmental characteristics of structurally branched coal seams, and thus the buried coal seams that are difficult to be estimated on the surface might be found through the analysis of the developmental state of geological structures in the region.
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